Cleopatra’s Needle on Victoria Embankment is one of a
pair. The other is in Central Park, New York. London’s needle was presented to
the UK in 1819 by Muhammad Ali the ruler of Egypt and Sudan to commemorate
Nelsons victory in the Battle of the Nile and Abercromby’s victory at
Alexandria.
The 21 metre, 224 ton obelisk is misnamed as it has no
connection to Cleopatra who ruled 1,000 years after it was created, which was
during the reign of Pharaoh Thutmose III.
The
needle remained buried in sand for over two thousand years which helped
preserve the hieroglyphics (until Londons polluted air got at it). In 1877 a
bespoke craft was commissioned to tow the needle from Egypt to London and was
almost lost during bad weather in the Bay of Biscay, when six crew were lost
trying to stabilise the craft
It was finally erected in its current position on 12
September 1878
Cleopatra's Needle is flanked by two fake Egyptian
sphinxes cast in bronze. The stone base of each was damaged on 4 September 1917
in a German air raid. The shrapnel damage can still be seen to this day.